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Essential Statistics for the Pharmaceutical Sciences – Phil Rowe – Wiley – 2007 (ISBN 978-0-470-03468-2)

Instructions for performing tests using stats packages

Data sets from the book (Provided as MicroSoft XL spreadsheets)

Table 2.1 Potency of 10 batches of vaccine (Units/ml)

Table 2.2 Ranked times taken to open a child-proof container and calculation of the median

Table 2.3 Individual changes in a global assessment variable following treatment with an anti-
inflammatory (60 patients)

Table 2.4 Erythromycin contents of 10 tablets from an Alpha and a Bravo tabletting machine

Table 2.5 Ranked half-lives for two steroids

Table 4.1 Erythromycin contents (mg) for 2 random samples of tablets (both from an Alpha
machine)

Table 4.2 Erythromycin contents (mg) for 2 random samples of tablets (One from and Alpha and
the other from a Bravo machine)

Table 5.1 Imipramine content (mg) of 9 randomly selected tablets

Table 5.3 Tetracyline content (%w/w) in 8 samples taken from a single batch

Table 6.1 Clearance of theophylline (ml/min/kg) for control subjects and for those pre-treated
with rifampicin

Table 9.1 Areas Under the Curve (AUCs) for old and new formulations of propranolol

Table 10.1 Clearance (ml/min/kg) of an amphetamine with and without urinary acidification

Table 12.1 Effects of an alleged weight reducing drug on subjects’ weights

Table 13.1 Effect of catalyst on yield (Percentage of theoretical maximum)

Table 13.7 Effects of catalyst and mixing method on yield (Percentage of theoretical maximum)

Table 13.12 Effects of punch design and compression force on tablet strength (MPa)

Table 14.1 Heights at which leaves were growing in the trees (M) and drug content mg/100g
dry leaf

Table 14.3 Rainfall at the growing site and concentration of fungal toxin in nuts

Table 14.5 Quantity of PABA and resultant absorption at 510nm

Table 14.6 Rainfall, temperature, sunshine and wind speed at growing sites and concentration
of fungal toxin in nuts

Table 16.1 A contingency table showing the effect of IUD design upon the number of women
where the device was expelled

Table 16.3 Attendance at a diabetes clinic following various additional reminders

Table 17.1 Production of a toxic metabolite (μg) from an analgesic drug in smokers and
non-smokers

Table 17.5 Scores for effectiveness of placebo/active analgesic

Table 17.6 Haemoglobin levels (g/L) in a group of vegans before and after vitamin B12
supplementation

Table 17.7 Pain scores with three different analgesics

Table 17.9 Educational levels and knowledge scores after reading revised information leaflet

Table 17.11 Gastro-intestinal discomfort scores in patients taking two different analgesic drugs

Table 19.1-4 Analyses of the influences of age and health status on opinions concerning a
liberalised supply of emergency contraception

Instructions for performing tests

Select statistical package …

Minitab

SPSS

Minitab instructions

Absolute basics – How to use the programme

Confidence interval for a proportion

Confidence interval for the difference between two proportions

Confidence interval for the mean

Confidence interval for the mean (One-sided)

Confidence interval for the mean (With log transformation)

Contingency chi-square test

Correlation analysis (Pearson)

Correlation analysis (Spearman)

Descriptive statistics

Dunnett’s test

Goodness-of-fit chi-square test

Multiple regression analysis

One-way analysis of variance

Paired t-test

Pearson correlation analysis

Quartiles

Regression analysis

Sample size for contingency chi-square test

Sample size for two-sample t-test

Spearman correlation analysis

Standard deviation

Standard error of the mean (SEM)

Tukey’s test

Two-sample t-test

Two-sample t-test (one-sided)

Two-way analysis of variance

Wilcoxon paired samples test

SPSS instructions